Figure CNF4.4 shows the average numeracy performance of year four students in Tonga by gender. Year four girls scored higher than year four boys in all numeracy areas, including the overall numeracy score. This was consistent with their performance in two previous PILNA cycles. In 2015 and 2018, as seen in Figures CNF4.4.1-CNF4.4.5. Year four girls, on average, scored higher than year four boys in all numeracy areas, including the overall numeracy score. Further statistical testing needs to be performed to understand if these differences in scores are significant or the result of chance or outliers.