Figure CRF4.2 shows the average reading scores for this group and for year four students in Niue in previous PILNA cycles. The scores in 2021 (505) were higher than in 2018 (460) and in 2015 (463). Year four students in Niue are performing better in reading than previous PILNA cycles. The standard deviation for the average reading scores in 2021 was slightly lower than in 2018 (SD = 88.65), and higher than in 2015 (SD = 463.03). This means that the spread of year four overall reading scores was slightly narrower in 2021 than 2018 but slightly wider than in 2015.

Standard deviation shows how close data points are to the average. A lower standard deviation means that data points are, overall, closer to the average; a higher standard deviation means that data points are, overall, further away from the average.